20 abril 2026

FPV Interceptor-Eco-Thermal: Practical Design with Low-Cost Passive Thermal Camera

Design Objective
Improve the night and low-visibility performance of the basic Ukrainian FPV Interceptor while keeping the price as low as possible.
General Specifications

  • Type: FPV kamikaze interceptor with passive thermal camera
  • Target price: 2,850 – 3,650 USD (mass production)
  • Operational range: 6 – 10 km
  • Maximum speed: 140 – 160 km/h
  • Flight time: 11 – 14 minutes
  • Explosive payload: 400 – 500 g
  • Total weight: 3.9 – 4.4 kg

Components and Estimated Costs

Component
Recommended Specification
Estimated Cost (USD)
Chassis and motors
Carbon fiber frame + 2207-2400KV brushless motors
850 – 1,100
Main camera
1080p FPV camera with IR pass filter
90 – 130
Thermal camera
320×240 passive thermal sensor (InfiRay or equivalent)
280 – 420
Processor
Raspberry Pi Zero 2W
60 – 90
Battery
6S 3200–3800 mAh LiPo
170 – 220
Video transmission
1.5–2.5 GHz digital system
130 – 180
Explosive payload
450 g + fragmentation casing
110 – 150
Integration and assembly
Labor + wiring + manual switch
160 – 230
Total estimated
2,850 – 3,620

System OperationThe operator flies normally using the main optical camera.
When it is night, smoky, foggy, or visibility is poor, the operator manually activates the thermal camera using a physical switch on the controller.
The thermal image appears in the goggles in Picture-in-Picture mode or with simple overlay.
The operator maintains full manual control at all times and guides the drone toward the thermal signature of the target.
Detonation occurs on direct impact or with a simple proximity fuse.
Advantages

  • Significantly improves night and low-visibility performance.
  • The operator retains full manual control at all times.
  • The price remains very competitive (only 600–800 USD more than the basic model).
  • Easy to manufacture in the same Ukrainian workshops that already produce FPV drones.

Limitations

  • The thermal camera is low resolution (320×240) — sufficient to detect the heat signature of a Shahed engine, but not for fine details.
  • Everything depends on the operator’s skill (no automation).
  • Flight time is slightly reduced when the thermal camera is used continuously.
Cost-Benefit Evaluation: Does it worth it?

  • Additional cost: +600 to +1,000 USD per unit compared to the basic Ukrainian model.
  • Main benefit: Much better performance at night and in poor visibility conditions, when Shahed drones are most commonly used.
  • Verdict: Yes, it is worth it if the goal is to improve effectiveness in real combat conditions. The price increase is reasonable for the gain in capability.

It is a practical and balanced upgrade: not revolutionary, but useful and feasible for mass production.